Ground Assembly Coil Design Routine for Dynamic Wireless Power Transfer

In this paper, a design routine for the ground assembly (GA) of a Dynamic Wireless Power Transfer (DWPT)
system is presented. Depending on a predetermined vehicle assembly (VA), the method returns the optimal GA
coil geometry as well as the control strategy to power the coils and the positioning of the segmented DWPT lane.
In addition to the general optimization objectives costs and efficiency, the output power fluctuation along the
road is taken into consideration.

Real-time Controller Hardware-in-the-Loop Testing of an Electric Vehicle Powertrain for Optimal Delivery of Energy Sources

This paper explores the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) with particular emphasize on electric traction drive technologies. This work will then have a look at the different alternative solutions behind each electric vehicle motor drive and the reason behind a particular chosen type of motor, its control architecture to get the most performance out of the existing traction systems. The theoretical model prediction of what a real-world vehicle would perform is developed resembling when given ideal transient conditions applied and then simulate an EV power distribution system hybridizes the PV solar and battery resources in a real-time manner. The developed model is constructed through MATLAB/Simulink and executed on real-time hardware setup. It includes distributed energy resources (DERs: Battery, Solar Photovoltaic) and its associated power electronics DC-DC converter and controls, DC-AC inverter to drive the interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM). The drivetrain control scheme includes both speed, max torque-per-ampere and field weakening controllers to offer EV operation within extended speed and torque ranges comparable to available EV technologies such as BMW iX3. Different operating scenarios are evaluated deploying controller HIL and the obtained results validated the theoretical expectations and overall performance of the studied self-charging EV drive system.

3D Printed Heat Sinks in GaN-based power converters

A proposal to use additive manufacturing is presented in this paper to overcome such issues. A comparison of materials, shapes, and conventional vs. 3D printed heat sinks is presented in this paper.

State-of-the-Art Wireless Charging Systems for e-Bikes: Technologies and Applications

Several advancements were made in wireless charging for e-transportation however, the knowledge acquired in the context of wireless charging of electric cars are not sufficient to apply to electric bicycle (e-bikes). Therefore, this paper reviewed state-of-the-art wireless charging technologies with a special emphasis on e-bike charging. A comparative analysis of different kinds of wireless charging techniques is also presented to provide a clear understanding and guidelines to choose the best suitable technology for implementation. In addition, current issues, challenges, and future research scopes are identified where necessary modifications need to be done before implementing the technology for e-bikes.

Inter-cluster Power Control of Modular Multilevel Converters with Integrated Battery Energy Storage for Low AC Voltage Operation

This paper presents a method to operate each MMC cluster with independent powers during low ac voltage operation. The method reduces the use of circulating current in low voltage conditions. This facilitatates the state of charge balance of MMCs with integrated BESS in the clusters for such conditions. The method is proposed for EVs but other applications could eventually make use of it.

Manipulation of Actual Demand in Electric Vehicles (MAD EV): A Cyber Security Perspective

This paper defines and analyses a specific cybersecurity risk for EVs, which we refer to as Manipulation of Actual Demand. This attack involves coordinated charging of a large number of EVs across multiple charging stations to disrupt the power grid. We provide a detailed analysis and quantification of the impact of this unique cyber-attack on the smart grid in terms of demand-side load. The findings of our analysis guide future considerations on cybersecurity risks of coordinated EV charging and their mitigation. We have made a comparison between Home EV chargers and Fast EV chargers via simulation. The results indicate the EV demand load threshold required to disrupt normal power grid operations

Load Management of a Benchmark Electric Vehicle Charger Using an Intelligent Controller for HIL Implementation

An intelligent controller is developed based on machine learning algorithm incorporated into predictive control strategy. The model of interest is trained during transfer learning process utilizing measurement dataset. The introduced control scheme provides an optimal load dispatching among distributed energy resources (DERs) interconnected with a benchmarked Electric Vehicle (EV) battery charger. The proposed scheme offers an easy realization on various embedded hardware systems independently. In this study, a few operational conditions of an exemplary charging station are examined via Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) testing. The findings are then compared to the classical finite-control-set model predictive control (FCS-MPC) which is widely used in various studies lately. The results pay the way for demanding solutions to address the concern of utilities pertaining to DERs load management to realize vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technologies.

Angle-dependent identification of PMSM HF parameters with large bandwidth based on switching harmonics of a 2-level inverter

This paper presents a new method for identifying high frequency machine parameters using the current- and voltage harmonics of a voltage source inverter. By utilizing existing excitations, an additional test signal can be omitted. This reduces the implementation effort and increases the maximum evaluation frequency to 100 kHz and therefore by a factor of 50 compared to existing methods.
Due to the high bandwidth of the switching harmonics, the identification can be carried out at several frequencies at the same time, providing a simple and yet powerful method for angle-dependent parameter identification with high bandwidth.

A Distributed Control Strategy for Automotive Modular Multilevel Converter

According to literature, Multilevel Converter
(MLC) promise to reduce cost and increase efficiency of electric vehicles. Unfortunately, prior studies lack of control strategies for MLC under automotive conditions. This work presents an approach for a distributed control strategy for Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC) in Battery Electric Vehicles (BEV), in order to give a fundamental concept for the realization of scalable MMC topologies. The proposed control strategy decouples the control frequency from the carrier frequency of the modulation scheme and further decouples the applied communication technology, leading to more freedom of implementation. A prototype has been developed to confirm the feasibility of our approach for MMC in an automotive battery pack.